China’s military spending has grown for 27 consecutive years. Continued increases by major spenders in Asia and OceaniaĬhina, the world’s second largest spender, allocated an estimated $293 billion to its military in 2021, an increase of 4.7 per cent compared with 2020. Spending fell in 2021, to $5.9 billion, but still accounted for 3.2 per cent of the country’s GDP. The final figure was $48.4 billion, 14 per cent higher than had been budgeted at the end of 2020.Īs it has strengthened its defences against Russia, Ukraine’s military spending has risen by 72 per cent since the annexation of Crimea in 2014.
The ‘national defence’ budget line, which accounts for around three-quarters of Russia’s total military spending and includes funding for operational costs as well as arms procurement, was revised upwards over the course of the year. Russian military expenditure had been in decline between 20 as a result of low energy prices combined with sanctions in response to Russia’s annexation of Crimea in 2014,’ said Lucie Béraud-Sudreau, Director of SIPRI’s Military Expenditure and Arms Production Programme. ‘High oil and gas revenues helped Russia to boost its military spending in 2021. This was the third consecutive year of growth and Russia’s military spending reached 4.1 per cent of GDP in 2021. Russia increased its military expenditure by 2.9 per cent in 2021, to $65.9 billion, at a time when it was building up its forces along the Ukrainian border. ‘The US Government has repeatedly stressed the need to preserve the US military’s technological edge over strategic competitors.’ Russia increases military budget in run-up to war ‘The increase in R&D spending over the decade 2012–21 suggests that the United States is focusing more on next-generation technologies,’ said Alexandra Marksteiner, Researcher with SIPRI’s Military Expenditure and Arms Production Programme. However, the drop in R&D spending (–1.2 per cent) was smaller than that in arms procurement spending (–5.4 per cent). US funding for military research and development (R&D) rose by 24 per cent between 20, while arms procurement funding fell by 6.4 per cent over the same period. The US military burden decreased slightly from 3.7 per cent of GDP in 2020 to 3.5 per cent in 2021. US military spending amounted to $801 billion in 2021, a drop of 1.4 per cent from 2020.
United States focuses on military research and development
In nominal terms, however, military spending grew by 6.1 per cent.’Īs a result of a sharp economic recovery in 2021, the global military burden-world military expenditure as a share of world gross domestic product (GDP)-fell by 0.1 percentage points, from 2.3 per cent in 2020 to 2.2 per cent in 2021. ‘There was a slowdown in the rate of real-terms growth due to inflation. ‘Even amid the economic fallout of the Covid-19 pandemic, world military spending hit record levels,’ said Dr Diego Lopes da Silva, Senior Researcher with SIPRI’s Military Expenditure and Arms Production Programme. This was the seventh consecutive year that spending increased. World military spending continued to grow in 2021, reaching an all-time high of $2.1 trillion. Military expenditure reaches record level in the second year of the pandemic The five largest spenders in 2021 were the United States, China, India, the United Kingdom and Russia, together accounting for 62 per cent of expenditure, according to new data on global military spending published today by the Stockholm International Peace Research Institute (SIPRI). (Stockholm, 25 April 2022) Total global military expenditure increased by 0.7 per cent in real terms in 2021, to reach $2113 billion.
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